Define principles of design?
Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition.
What do the principles of design affect?
They effect the message of the work.
What is the principle of repetition?
repeating some aspect or element of the design throughout the entire document.
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
It acts as a visual key that ties your piece together. It controls the reader's eye and keeps them focused on the piece.
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
Color, certan bullet, particular format, design element.
What should you avoid when working with repetition?
Using it too much.
What is the principle of proportion/scale?
The relative size and scale of the various elements in the design.
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?
The human body.
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?
Architecture can be used to dwarf the viewer, while a private home might be more in scale to the human.
What is the principle of balance?
Distribution of heavy and light elements in on the page.
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
Irregularly shaped objects.
What is another name for symmetrical balance?
Formal Balance.
Define symmetrical balance?
Occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed around a central vertical or horizontal axis.
What is another name for asymmetrical balance?
Informal Balance.
Define asymmetrical balance?
occurs when the weight is not evenly distributed around the axis.
What is the principle of emphasis?
stressing of a particular are of focus rather than the maze of detail of equal importance.
What happens to a design that has no focus?
nothing stands out. Emphasis calls attention to important areas.
What is a focal point and how is it created?
a center of interest. It is where the eye tends to go to first. It is created by making one element dominant with all other areas contributing subordinate.
How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
No more than one should be used.
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
Direction, size, shape, texture, color, tone, and line.
What is the principle of unity?
The wholeness of the composition.
What three ways can unity be obtained?1. Put objects close to one another.
2. Make things similar.
3. Direct vision by a line that travels around the design.
What is the principle of variety?
differences and diversity.
What ways can a designer add variety to a design?
Vary textures, color, shapes, and alter their contrast, tone, and intensity.
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?
Too much unity can be boring, and too much variety can be chaotic.
What is figure?
A form, silhouette, or shape.
What is another name for figure?
Positive Space.
What is ground?
The surrounding area around the figure.
What is another name for ground?
Negative space.
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
If not, the image will only be partially designed.
What is the principle of rhythm?
Continuity, recurrence, or organized movement in space and time.
How is rhythm achieved?
orderly repition of any element, line, shape, value, and texture.
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?1. Intervals between the elements, and often the elements themselves are similar in size or shape.
2. More organic, flowing, sense of movement.
3. a sequence of shapes through a progression of steps.
How does rhythm help a composition/design?
It helps the viewer's eye through a layout directly or subtlety.
What is the principle of contrast?
When two related elements are different.
How can contrast help a design?
Draws the viewer's eye into the piece and help the reader through it.
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?
Too little can be boring, while too much can be confusing.
What is the key to working with contrast?
making sure the differences are obvious.
What are some common ways of creating contrast?
Creating differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction and movement.
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